The History of MP3 Player In A Nutshell
MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3 or MP3 for short has become a common audio format that is deployed to transfer and playback music on digital audio player. It was designed by the Moving Picture Experts Group which included amongst others, Fraunhofer of Germany, Thomson-Brandt, AT&T-Bell Labs of USA, and CCETT. It obtained an ISO/IEC standard in 1991.
MP3 reduces the amount of data for recording and yet it maintains the original quality of the uncompressed audio. The MP3 can compress a CD file to one-tenth its size with a mid-range bit rate setting of 128 kbits/s. This compression is done by auditory masking. The first MP3 software encoder was released in 1994. The file extension name was initially .bit which was changed to .mp3 in 1995. Winplay3 was the first real time software released in the same year. Audio files began to be converted to MP3 files and played back in personal computers. MP3 soon spread on the Internet. The release of Winamp in 1997 and the Unix audio player mpg123 in 1998 further popularized MP3. By the later part of 1997, MP3 was being offered free at mp3.com. Peer to peer transferring of music files that are ripped from compact discs rapidly increased. Napster, launched in 1999, assisted large scale peer to peer file sharing. No doubt there was an outcry of violations of copyright leading to loss to recording companies. This was also followed by a spate of allegations and litigations.
There are three categories of MP3 players. These are the hard drives, micro hard drives and flash based MP3 players. The hard drive based MP3 players are heavier and larger. Their capacity is large with ten gigabytes or more and comprises some 2,900 MP3 files. Similar is the micro hard rive based players which has lesser internal storage capacity. It is moreover compact and smaller in size. Their capacity is normally six gigabytes and can hold about 1,700 MP3 files. Both hard drive and micro hard drive based MP3 players run on rechargeable batteries. The flash based MP3 players do not have any moving parts and are very compact. They use minimal power and their capacity is low ranging from 32 megabytes to as much as two gigabytes. Download of music became possible through the Internet when WiFi connectivity was introduced. The first such WiFi Enabled MP3 player was Sandisk Sansa Connect MP3 player.
Unauthorized sharing of music files is extensive. There are also many companies that sell music in MP3 format such as Xiie.net, Juno Records, Bleep, eMusic, Beatport, Zune Marketplace and Amazon.com. Disputes relating to patent and licensing over MP3 involve Thomson Consumer Electronics, Sisvel S.p.A., Fraunhofer Institute, Texas MP3 Technologies, SanDisk, Samsung Electronics, Apple, Alcatel-Lucent and Texas MP3 Technologies, besides others.